May 26, 2025

What's Wrong with Eliphaz's Advice to Job?

Job 22-24

Anna Olander
Monday's Devo

May 26, 2025

Monday's Devo

May 26, 2025

Big Book Idea

We can't always fully understand what God is doing, but we can trust that He is good no matter what comes.

Key Verse | Job 22:21

"Agree with God, and be at peace;
thereby good will come to you."

Job 22-24

Chapter 22

Eliphaz Speaks: Job's Wickedness Is Great

Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said:

“Can a man be profitable to God?
    Surely he who is wise is profitable to himself.
Is it any pleasure to the Almighty if you are in the right,
    or is it gain to him if you make your ways blameless?
Is it for your fear of him that he reproves you
    and enters into judgment with you?
Is not your evil abundant?
    There is no end to your iniquities.
For you have exacted pledges of your brothers for nothing
    and stripped the naked of their clothing.
You have given no water to the weary to drink,
    and you have withheld bread from the hungry.
The man with power possessed the land,
    and the favored man lived in it.
You have sent widows away empty,
    and the arms of the fatherless were crushed.
10  Therefore snares are all around you,
    and sudden terror overwhelms you,
11  or darkness, so that you cannot see,
    and a flood of water covers you.

12  Is not God high in the heavens?
    See the highest stars, how lofty they are!
13  But you say, ‘What does God know?
    Can he judge through the deep darkness?
14  Thick clouds veil him, so that he does not see,
    and he walks on the vault of heaven.’
15  Will you keep to the old way
    that wicked men have trod?
16  They were snatched away before their time;
    their foundation was washed away. 1 22:16 Or their foundation was poured out as a stream (or river)
17  They said to God, ‘Depart from us,’
    and ‘What can the Almighty do to us?’ 2 22:17 Hebrew them
18  Yet he filled their houses with good things—
    but the counsel of the wicked is far from me.
19  The righteous see it and are glad;
    the innocent one mocks at them,
20  saying, ‘Surely our adversaries are cut off,
    and what they left the fire has consumed.’

21  Agree with God, and be at peace;
    thereby good will come to you.
22  Receive instruction from his mouth,
    and lay up his words in your heart.
23  If you return to the Almighty you will be built up;
    if you remove injustice far from your tents,
24  if you lay gold in the dust,
    and gold of Ophir among the stones of the torrent-bed,
25  then the Almighty will be your gold
    and your precious silver.
26  For then you will delight yourself in the Almighty
    and lift up your face to God.
27  You will make your prayer to him, and he will hear you,
    and you will pay your vows.
28  You will decide on a matter, and it will be established for you,
    and light will shine on your ways.
29  For when they are humbled you say, ‘It is because of pride’; 3 22:29 Or you say, It is exaltation
    but he saves the lowly.
30  He delivers even the one who is not innocent,
    who will be delivered through the cleanness of your hands.”

Chapter 23

Job Replies: Where Is God?

Then Job answered and said:

“Today also my complaint is bitter; 4 23:2 Or defiant
    my hand is heavy on account of my groaning.
Oh, that I knew where I might find him,
    that I might come even to his seat!
I would lay my case before him
    and fill my mouth with arguments.
I would know what he would answer me
    and understand what he would say to me.
Would he contend with me in the greatness of his power?
    No; he would pay attention to me.
There an upright man could argue with him,
    and I would be acquitted forever by my judge.

Behold, I go forward, but he is not there,
    and backward, but I do not perceive him;
on the left hand when he is working, I do not behold him;
    he turns to the right hand, but I do not see him.
10  But he knows the way that I take;
    when he has tried me, I shall come out as gold.
11  My foot has held fast to his steps;
    I have kept his way and have not turned aside.
12  I have not departed from the commandment of his lips;
    I have treasured the words of his mouth more than my portion of food.
13  But he is unchangeable, 5 23:13 Or one and who can turn him back?
    What he desires, that he does.
14  For he will complete what he appoints for me,
    and many such things are in his mind.
15  Therefore I am terrified at his presence;
    when I consider, I am in dread of him.
16  God has made my heart faint;
    the Almighty has terrified me;
17  yet I am not silenced because of the darkness,
    nor because thick darkness covers my face.

Chapter 24

Why are not times of judgment kept by the Almighty,
    and why do those who know him never see his days?
Some move landmarks;
    they seize flocks and pasture them.
They drive away the donkey of the fatherless;
    they take the widow's ox for a pledge.
They thrust the poor off the road;
    the poor of the earth all hide themselves.
Behold, like wild donkeys in the desert
    the poor 6 24:5 Hebrew they go out to their toil, seeking game;
    the wasteland yields food for their children.
They gather their 7 24:6 Hebrew his fodder in the field,
    and they glean the vineyard of the wicked man.
They lie all night naked, without clothing,
    and have no covering in the cold.
They are wet with the rain of the mountains
    and cling to the rock for lack of shelter.
(There are those who snatch the fatherless child from the breast,
    and they take a pledge against the poor.)
10  They go about naked, without clothing;
    hungry, they carry the sheaves;
11  among the olive rows of the wicked 8 24:11 Hebrew their olive rows they make oil;
    they tread the winepresses, but suffer thirst.
12  From out of the city the dying 9 24:12 Or the men groan,
    and the soul of the wounded cries for help;
    yet God charges no one with wrong.

13  There are those who rebel against the light,
    who are not acquainted with its ways,
    and do not stay in its paths.
14  The murderer rises before it is light,
    that he may kill the poor and needy,
    and in the night he is like a thief.
15  The eye of the adulterer also waits for the twilight,
    saying, ‘No eye will see me’;
    and he veils his face.
16  In the dark they dig through houses;
    by day they shut themselves up;
    they do not know the light.
17  For deep darkness is morning to all of them;
    for they are friends with the terrors of deep darkness.

18  You say, ‘Swift are they on the face of the waters;
    their portion is cursed in the land;
    no treader turns toward their vineyards.
19  Drought and heat snatch away the snow waters;
    so does Sheol those who have sinned.
20  The womb forgets them;
    the worm finds them sweet;
they are no longer remembered,
    so wickedness is broken like a tree.’

21  They wrong the barren, childless woman,
    and do no good to the widow.
22  Yet God 10 24:22 Hebrew he prolongs the life of the mighty by his power;
    they rise up when they despair of life.
23  He gives them security, and they are supported,
    and his eyes are upon their ways.
24  They are exalted a little while, and then are gone;
    they are brought low and gathered up like all others;
    they are cut off like the heads of grain.
25  If it is not so, who will prove me a liar
    and show that there is nothing in what I say?”

Footnotes

[1] 22:16 Or their foundation was poured out as a stream (or river)
[2] 22:17 Hebrew them
[3] 22:29 Or you say, ‘It is exaltation’
[4] 23:2 Or defiant
[5] 23:13 Or one
[6] 24:5 Hebrew they
[7] 24:6 Hebrew his
[8] 24:11 Hebrew their olive rows
[9] 24:12 Or the men
[10] 24:22 Hebrew he
Table of Contents
Introduction to Job

Introduction to Job

Timeline

Author and Date

The unknown Israelite author of this book presents Job as a person living in Uz (see note on 1:1). Job’s godliness (1:1) matches the ideals of Israelite wisdom literature. He clearly knows Yahweh (1:21). The events of the book seem to be set in the times of the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob).

Theological Themes

The book of Job concerns itself with the question of faith in a sovereign God. Can God be trusted? Is he good and just in his rule of the world? The book shows that the reasons for human suffering often remain a secret to human beings.

In the book of Job, God seems both too close and too far away. On the one hand, Job complains that God is watching him every moment so that he cannot even swallow his spit (7:19). On the other hand, Job finds God elusive (9:11). Though God is greatly concerned about humans, he does not always answer their most agonizing questions.

At the same time, Job’s friends offer no real help. They come to “comfort” him (2:11), but Job ends up declaring them “miserable comforters” who would console him “with empty nothings” (21:34). These friends represent an oversimplified view of faith. They think that all human troubles are divine punishments for wrongdoing. Their “comfort” consists largely of urging Job to identify his sin and repent of it. These friends are negative examples of how to comfort those who are suffering.

The book illustrates that one does not need to fully understand God’s will in order to be faithful while suffering. Those who suffer need not be afraid to express to God their confusion and questions.

Purpose

The book of Job was written to those who struggle with the question of how God can be good when the world is filled with suffering.

The author does not provide a formal defense of God’s justice. Rather, as Job’s friends offer their inadequate answers, the author shows how their reasoning fails. Then, in chs. 38–41, the Lord speaks in his own defense, bringing Job to fuller understanding (ch. 42).

Even during his suffering and confusion, before God finally speaks, Job can triumphantly declare, “I know that my Redeemer lives” (19:25).

Outline

  1. Prologue: Job’s Character and the Circumstances of His Test (1:1–2:13)
  2. Dialogue: Job, His Suffering, and His Standing before God (3:1–42:6)
    1. Job: despair for the day of his birth (3:1–26)
    2. The friends and Job: can Job be right before God? (4:1–25:6)
      1. First cycle (4:1–14:22)
      2. Second cycle (15:1–21:34)
      3. Third cycle (22:1–25:6)
    3. Job: the power of God, place of wisdom, and path of integrity (26:1–31:40)
    4. Elihu: suffering as a discipline (32:1–37:24)
    5. Challenge: the Lord answers Job (38:1–42:6)
  3. Epilogue: The Vindication, Intercession, and Restoration of Job (42:7–17)
The Global Message of Job

The Global Message of Job

Universal Questions

With its story of one man’s life and suffering, the book of Job raises universal questions. Why do people suffer, especially godly people? Where is God in suffering? Can God be trusted amid suffering? Job’s friends try to answer such questions with superficial and simplistic solutions, eventually earning God’s rebuke (Job 42:7–9).

Ultimately we learn from Job that we can hope steadfastly in our sovereign God. Instead of providing easy answers to hard questions, this incomparably glorious, all-knowing, and almighty God presents to people in all places and in all times the simplest, most powerful, and most universal answer to these questions. God’s answer to human suffering has everything to do with his own infinite goodness and care for his creation.

Suffering in a Fallen World

In the life of Job we see the breadth and depth of human suffering. We see suffering in health (Job 2:7), suffering in the loss of property (1:14–17), and suffering in the tragic death of family members (1:18–19). In Job we also listen in on a discussion in the heavenly courtroom between God and Satan (1:6–12; 2:1–7), in which God delights in the upright life of Job. There we are given a window into the normally invisible reasons for our trials and suffering.

Sin and suffering. Suffering is universal, though the kind of suffering differs from circumstance to circumstance. Sometimes we suffer because of our own sin. There is no such thing as sin without consequences. Sometimes God himself directly chastises his people for their sins. However, Job’s friends are wrong to assume that his suffering is a direct result of disobedience (Job 8:4), and it would likewise be wrong to conclude that all or even most suffering in the world today is divine punishment for specific sins. The speeches of Eliphaz (chs. 4; 5; 15; 22), Bildad (chs. 8; 18; 25), and Zophar (chs. 11; 20) reflect such wrong assumptions.

Common suffering. Another type of suffering is what we might call “common suffering.” This is suffering that affects all people without distinction. It is simply the result of living in a fallen world. It includes health problems from colds to cancer. It includes bad weather, earthquakes, and typhoons. It includes financial struggles, and even death itself. Each tragic incident in Job’s life includes an element of this common suffering.

Godliness and suffering. Not only are godly people afflicted with suffering just as others are, but the godly experience some kinds of suffering due specifically to their godliness (Matt. 10:24–33; Acts 14:22; 2 Tim. 3:12). Faithfulness to Christ will bring insult and at times persecution—suffering that could be avoided if we were not disciples of Christ. We see this principle in Job, for it was precisely Job’s uprightness that prompted God to single him out to Satan and then led Satan to seek to afflict him (Job 1:8–12).

Devastating suffering. Job’s suffering is uniquely profound and painful. Some suffering, we learn, defies any category. We discover in Job that Satan has a hand in some of the suffering of God’s people (Job 1:6–12; 2:1–7; compare 2 Cor. 12:1–10). But even such demonically instigated suffering is not outside of God’s sovereignty. Nor should our focus be on Satan when we suffer but rather on persisting in steadfast faith amid such God-ordained pain. At the very least a lesson to be learned from Job is that our vision and insight into suffering is severely limited. What is not limited, however, is God’s perfect understanding and sovereign control over every event in our lives. In the “Yahweh speeches” of Job (chs. 38–41), God does not engage Job in the details of his questions and complaints. Rather, God reminds Job that God is God and Job is not. God laid the foundation of the earth (38:4); he is God over the seas (38:8, 16), over the stars (38:31–33), and over every creature (39:1–30; 40:15–41:34).

A Global Message of Comfort and Hope

The almighty, all-good God. Despite its focus on challenges and sufferings, the book of Job speaks a message of great hope to the world. We live in a world longing for comfort and hope, and such hope is found in the sovereign God who sees, who is good, and who is faithful. We are not victims of random fate or uncontrolled circumstances. We are loved faithfully and passionately by a sovereign God who works all things for our good (Rom. 8:28). The suffering global church can take comfort amid suffering, knowing that God is pleased with our faithfulness to him, even as God expressed delight in “my servant Job” (Job 1:6–8; 2:3). James 5:11 reminds us that God will fulfill his good purposes and is indeed compassionate and merciful toward his people.

No neat formulas. Living an upright life of faith in God does not exempt us from suffering. This was the fundamental misunderstanding of Job’s friends (Job 8:6) and the reason that their “comfort” was so “miserable” (16:2). Indeed, in Job and in all of Scripture we see that suffering is a part of the experience of godly people, and that suffering is also a means for our sanctification. Suffering is a blessing as through it we learn that God’s ways and purposes are much greater than we can know (chs. 40–41). His purposes and faithfulness are much greater than the achievement of ease and a comfortable life; the global church must not make an idol out of worldly comfort and earthly abundance.

The sufferings of the Savior. Job confessed faith in the living Redeemer (Job 19:25). That Redeemer would one day come and suffer for us on a cross. Here we have yet another kind of suffering, the atoning sufferings of Christ. He suffered for our salvation, bearing the penalty for our sin. It is also our great privilege to share in his suffering (2 Cor. 1:5; 2 Tim. 1:8; 2:3; 1 Pet. 4:13). These are not the sufferings of health problems or bad weather or the consequences of our own folly. These are sufferings that flow from our union with and loyalty to Christ. There is a global attack on the righteous, but God will continue to provide sufficient grace to his people (2 Cor. 12:9).He will grow both his people and his kingdom through such suffering as it is endured in faith.

Our Intercession and Mission of Hope

Though God’s righteous anger burned against the three friends of Job, their folly was forgiven in response to the righteous intervention of Job’s prayers (Job 42:7–9). What then is the Christian response to those who suffer—and to those who cause suffering?

We are to intercede for the world, both in prayer and in life. We are to “comfort those who are in any affliction, with the comfort with which we ourselves are comforted by God” (2 Cor. 1:4). This comfort must find expression in our ministry and service to those in need both where we live as well as around the world—to orphans, widows, and all those who suffer.

This comfort is most gloriously and eternally known as the church ministers the gospel of new hope in Christ to the world—to the lost, to the downtrodden, and even to our enemies (Matt. 5:44). For the greatest suffering in this world is not the loss of property or even family; it is to be lost in sin, without the living Redeemer.

Proverbs Fact #1: Wisdom

Fact: Wisdom

Wisdom is a key term in Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. The word can mean “skilled at making sound decisions in life.” Proverbs 9:10 states that “the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom.”

Job Fact #1: Comfort

Fact: Comfort

Comfort is a key word in the book of Job. When faced with personal tragedies, Job receives no comfort from his friends (16:2). But when God answers him (see chs. 38–41), he finds the comfort he needs.

Job Fact #7: Three cycles of conversations

Fact: Three cycles of conversations

The book of Job includes three cycles of conversations in which the friends of Job offer their comfort and advice, and then listen as Job responds. The first cycle covers chs. 4–14.

Job Fact #15: Elihu

Fact: Elihu

Elihu is the only character in the book of Job with a Hebrew name.

Job Fact #11: Pledge

Fact: Pledge

A pledge (22:6) was an object of worth given as a down payment on a debt. Israelites were not to take in pledge essential items such as clothing (Ex. 22:26) or tools a person needed for their work (Deut. 24:6).

Job Fact #12: Those who rebel against the light

Fact: Those who rebel against the light

Those who rebel against the light is how Job describes people who oppose wisdom and righteousness (24:13). They sleep during the day and do their evil deeds at night.

Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar

Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar

After the Lord allowed Satan to afflict Job, three of his friends, Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar, came to comfort him. However, all three wrongly assumed that Job’s suffering was the result of some hidden sin. Each man urged Job to repent so that God would have mercy on him. But Job insisted that he was innocent. Although it is true that some suffering is a result of sin, Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar oversimplified this truth. They believed that all troubles are punishments for wrongdoing, which was not the case for Job. The wrong actions of Job’s three friends should remind believers today to be wise and sensitive when dealing with people in distress. The Lord rebuked Job’s three friends and instructed Job to pray for them. (Job 42:7–9)

Study Notes

Job 22:2–4 Eliphaz argues that there could be no purpose for suffering other than to indicate judgment and a need to repent (v. 4).

Study Notes
Job Fact #11: Pledge

Fact: Pledge

A pledge (22:6) was an object of worth given as a down payment on a debt. Israelites were not to take in pledge essential items such as clothing (Ex. 22:26) or tools a person needed for their work (Deut. 24:6).

Study Notes

Job 22:9 Eliphaz assumes that Job has mistreated widows and the fatherless. He speaks in terms similar to the warnings in the law (see Ex. 22:22; Deut. 24:17) and the prophets (see Isa. 1:17; Jer. 22:3; Ezek. 22:7) about such behavior.

Study Notes

Job 22:5–11 Eliphaz assumes that Job’s circumstances reveal significant evil in his life. He describes the likely ways that Job has sinned.

Study Notes

Job 22:13 you say, . . . Can he judge through the deep darkness? Eliphaz accuses Job of saying that God is so far above humans that he is unable to know about their lives.

Study Notes

Job 22:16–18 Within these verses, Eliphaz essentially quotes Job’s words from 21:14–16. However, while Job was arguing that the wicked prosper in spite of their rebellion against God, Eliphaz says that the prosperity of the wicked is only temporary, and they are snatched away before their time. Likewise, while Job said, “the counsel of the wicked is far from me” (21:16) to distance himself from their wicked practices, Eliphaz uses the same words, the counsel of the wicked (22:18), to describe Job’s position.

Study Notes

Job 22:21 When he urges Job to “Agree with God, Eliphaz assumes that his own interpretation of Job’s circumstances matches God’s viewpoint.

Study Notes

Job 22:1–30 In his final speech, Eliphaz once more calls Job to repent.

Job 22:30 Eliphaz suggests that, if Job would repent of his supposed sin, he would be able to intercede even for one who is not innocent. Eliphaz does not realize that he himself stands in need of the very intercession he describes. In fact, forgiveness will later be granted to Eliphaz through Job’s intercession on his behalf (see 42:7–9).

Study Notes

Job 23:2 The opening phrase of Job’s response is probably directed at his friends more than at God. Today also. Job is implying that his friends have neither comforted him well nor persuaded him of his guilt. My hand is heavy describes discouragement (compare “our hands fall helpless,” Jer. 6:24).

Study Notes

Job 23:3–7 The last time Job used this kind of legal language, he was convinced that God would both ignore and condemn him (see 9:3, 16, 19). Here, his convictions are just the opposite: if Job were granted an audience, God would pay attention (23:6), and Job would be acquitted (v. 7).

Study Notes

Job 23:13–17 Although he has carefully considered his way (vv. 10–12), Job knows his future depends on what the Lord appoints to happen (vv. 13–14; compare Prov. 16:1, 9; 20:24; Jer. 10:23). Therefore, he is terrified at the thought of God’s presence (Job 23:15–16). Still, even in the darkness of not being able to understand God’s purposes fully, he continues his lament: yet I am not silenced.

Study Notes

Job 24:1 Job asks, why is it that (1) the wicked do not seem to experience times of judgment and (2) the righteous never see his days? Both parts of the question probably refer to the OT idea of the “day of the Lord,” which often denotes the coming judgment (see Joel 2:1–11; and note on Amos 5:18–20) but which also represents the full revealing of God’s glory.

Study Notes

Job 24:2–12 Job describes the injustices of the wicked (vv. 2–4) and the effects of the injustices on their victims (vv. 5–12). He concludes that God ignores these evils (v. 12). For a very different conclusion, see Lam. 3:31–36.

Study Notes
Job Fact #12: Those who rebel against the light

Fact: Those who rebel against the light

Those who rebel against the light is how Job describes people who oppose wisdom and righteousness (24:13). They sleep during the day and do their evil deeds at night.

Study Notes

Job 24:13–17 Job describes people who oppose wisdom and righteousness as those who rebel against the light. Their reversal of the typical times of sleep and activity (deep darkness has become morning) shows that they do not know the light and instead have chosen to become friends with the terrors of deep darkness.

Study Notes

Job 24:18Swift are they on the face of the waters” may be a popular saying from the time of Job, but its meaning is unclear.

Study Notes

Job 24:18–20 Job restates his friends’ assertions to show that they seem to ignore the actual state of affairs on earth.

Study Notes

Job 24:21 Job notes the prevalence of injustice to the barren, childless woman and the widow. The care of such helpless people was an important part of the law (see Ex. 22:21–27; Deut. 24:17–22), and yet it seems as though God is not judging those guilty of such injustice.

Study Notes

Job 23:1–24:25 Job is tired of arguing his case before his friends. In this reply, he ignores most of Eliphaz’s most recent response. Instead, he expresses his desire to stand personally before the Lord.

Job 24:1–25 Job wishes that God’s plans for the world and for Job would be more apparent.

How do I discern whether advice is good or bad?

Listen Now

Dive Deeper | Job 22-24

I don't know about you, but Job 22 really makes me consider how I give biblical counsel to others. Mostly because, although Eliphaz incorrectly asserts that Job has done something to deserve judgment and suffering, a lot of the advice he gives is right and true. When providing counsel, we must be careful to consider the larger context of the situation. Eliphaz was not aware of Job 1-2. He lacked a full understanding that God, the Creator, does not need anything from us, the created (Psalm 147:5; Jeremiah 32:17). It's often hard for us to understand God's reasons or ways, and Eliphaz did not understand the context or purpose of God's plan for Job. 

Are y'all big question-askers?! I know I am! I often have to remind myself that God can handle those big questions, and it's GOOD to ask Him. Ask, seek, and knock, fam (Matthew 7:7-8)! As we move into chapter 23, Job appears to go back and forth in his statements. Have you ever been in a place where you questioned God's purpose for something? I know I have. In Job 23:10-14, we see Job reminding himself of the truth. When we don't understand God's "why," I find it helpful to remind myself of WHO He is!

Have you ever found yourself questioning why evil seems to prosper in this world while the innocent suffer? Or longing for God's judgment on this side of heaven? Job wrestles with these very questions in chapter 24. In my own moments of frustration with this reality, I am humbled as the Lord reminds me of when I was dead in my transgressions and sins (Ephesians 2:1-6) and of the many people I love who are still lost (1 Timothy 2:3-4). God's patience in allowing evil to exist is not without purpose—it reflects His desire for more people to come to repentance before judgment arrives. When I compare Job 24:13-17 with Romans 13:12-14, I am overwhelmed with gratitude. I once was among those walking in darkness, but now by God's GRACE, I am clothed in Christ, and I have put on the armor of light!

This month's memory verse

"The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord.”

– Job 1:21b

Discussion Questions

1. How do you give counsel to others? Are you quick to hear, slow to speak, and slow to anger (James 1:19-20)? 

2. Consider the difficult feelings, thoughts, or circumstances you are experiencing. What truth do you need to remind yourself of today (2 Peter 1:12-16)? 

3. Consider your life before Christ. What is one area of your life the Lord brought from darkness to light? Who is one person you can share this with (Matthew 5:15)?

4. What big questions do you have? Did you know we have a ministry to help answer some of these tough questions? Great Questions has been an awesome resource to me—it meets every Monday at 7:00 p.m.!