May 22, 2025

How to Lovingly Admonish a Friend

Job 13-15

Bryan Eberhard
Thursday's Devo

May 22, 2025

Thursday's Devo

May 22, 2025

Big Book Idea

We can't always fully understand what God is up to, but we can trust that He is good no matter what comes.

Key Verse | Job 15:31

"Let him not trust in emptiness, deceiving himself,
for emptiness will be his payment."

Job 13-15

Chapter 13

Job Continues: Still I Will Hope in God

Behold, my eye has seen all this,
    my ear has heard and understood it.
What you know, I also know;
    I am not inferior to you.
But I would speak to the Almighty,
    and I desire to argue my case with God.
As for you, you whitewash with lies;
    worthless physicians are you all.
Oh that you would keep silent,
    and it would be your wisdom!
Hear now my argument
    and listen to the pleadings of my lips.
Will you speak falsely for God
    and speak deceitfully for him?
Will you show partiality toward him?
    Will you plead the case for God?
Will it be well with you when he searches you out?
    Or can you deceive him, as one deceives a man?
10  He will surely rebuke you
    if in secret you show partiality.
11  Will not his majesty terrify you,
    and the dread of him fall upon you?
12  Your maxims are proverbs of ashes;
    your defenses are defenses of clay.

13  Let me have silence, and I will speak,
    and let come on me what may.
14  Why should I take my flesh in my teeth
    and put my life in my hand?
15  Though he slay me, I will hope in him; 1 13:15 Or Behold, he will slay me; I have no hope
    yet I will argue my ways to his face.
16  This will be my salvation,
    that the godless shall not come before him.
17  Keep listening to my words,
    and let my declaration be in your ears.
18  Behold, I have prepared my case;
    I know that I shall be in the right.
19  Who is there who will contend with me?
    For then I would be silent and die.
20  Only grant me two things,
    then I will not hide myself from your face:
21  withdraw your hand far from me,
    and let not dread of you terrify me.
22  Then call, and I will answer;
    or let me speak, and you reply to me.
23  How many are my iniquities and my sins?
    Make me know my transgression and my sin.
24  Why do you hide your face
    and count me as your enemy?
25  Will you frighten a driven leaf
    and pursue dry chaff?
26  For you write bitter things against me
    and make me inherit the iniquities of my youth.
27  You put my feet in the stocks
    and watch all my paths;
    you set a limit for 2 13:27 Or you marked the soles of my feet.
28  Man 3 13:28 Hebrew He wastes away like a rotten thing,
    like a garment that is moth-eaten.

Chapter 14

Job Continues: Death Comes Soon to All

Man who is born of a woman
    is few of days and full of trouble.
He comes out like a flower and withers;
    he flees like a shadow and continues not.
And do you open your eyes on such a one
    and bring me into judgment with you?
Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean?
    There is not one.
Since his days are determined,
    and the number of his months is with you,
    and you have appointed his limits that he cannot pass,
look away from him and leave him alone, 4 14:6 Probable reading; Hebrew look away from him, that he may cease
    that he may enjoy, like a hired hand, his day.

For there is hope for a tree,
    if it be cut down, that it will sprout again,
    and that its shoots will not cease.
Though its root grow old in the earth,
    and its stump die in the soil,
yet at the scent of water it will bud
    and put out branches like a young plant.
10  But a man dies and is laid low;
    man breathes his last, and where is he?
11  As waters fail from a lake
    and a river wastes away and dries up,
12  so a man lies down and rises not again;
    till the heavens are no more he will not awake
    or be roused out of his sleep.
13  Oh that you would hide me in Sheol,
    that you would conceal me until your wrath be past,
    that you would appoint me a set time, and remember me!
14  If a man dies, shall he live again?
    All the days of my service I would wait,
    till my renewal 5 14:14 Or relief should come.
15  You would call, and I would answer you;
    you would long for the work of your hands.
16  For then you would number my steps;
    you would not keep watch over my sin;
17  my transgression would be sealed up in a bag,
    and you would cover over my iniquity.

18  But the mountain falls and crumbles away,
    and the rock is removed from its place;
19  the waters wear away the stones;
    the torrents wash away the soil of the earth;
    so you destroy the hope of man.
20  You prevail forever against him, and he passes;
    you change his countenance, and send him away.
21  His sons come to honor, and he does not know it;
    they are brought low, and he perceives it not.
22  He feels only the pain of his own body,
    and he mourns only for himself.”

Chapter 15

Eliphaz Accuses: Job Does Not Fear God

Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said:

“Should a wise man answer with windy knowledge,
    and fill his belly with the east wind?
Should he argue in unprofitable talk,
    or in words with which he can do no good?
But you are doing away with the fear of God 6 15:4 Hebrew lacks of God
    and hindering meditation before God.
For your iniquity teaches your mouth,
    and you choose the tongue of the crafty.
Your own mouth condemns you, and not I;
    your own lips testify against you.

Are you the first man who was born?
    Or were you brought forth before the hills?
Have you listened in the council of God?
    And do you limit wisdom to yourself?
What do you know that we do not know?
    What do you understand that is not clear to us?
10  Both the gray-haired and the aged are among us,
    older than your father.
11  Are the comforts of God too small for you,
    or the word that deals gently with you?
12  Why does your heart carry you away,
    and why do your eyes flash,
13  that you turn your spirit against God
    and bring such words out of your mouth?
14  What is man, that he can be pure?
    Or he who is born of a woman, that he can be righteous?
15  Behold, God 7 15:15 Hebrew he puts no trust in his holy ones,
    and the heavens are not pure in his sight;
16  how much less one who is abominable and corrupt,
    a man who drinks injustice like water!

17  I will show you; hear me,
    and what I have seen I will declare
18  (what wise men have told,
    without hiding it from their fathers,
19  to whom alone the land was given,
    and no stranger passed among them).
20  The wicked man writhes in pain all his days,
    through all the years that are laid up for the ruthless.
21  Dreadful sounds are in his ears;
    in prosperity the destroyer will come upon him.
22  He does not believe that he will return out of darkness,
    and he is marked for the sword.
23  He wanders abroad for bread, saying, ‘Where is it?’
    He knows that a day of darkness is ready at his hand;
24  distress and anguish terrify him;
    they prevail against him, like a king ready for battle.
25  Because he has stretched out his hand against God
    and defies the Almighty,
26  running stubbornly against him
    with a thickly bossed shield;
27  because he has covered his face with his fat
    and gathered fat upon his waist
28  and has lived in desolate cities,
    in houses that none should inhabit,
    which were ready to become heaps of ruins;
29  he will not be rich, and his wealth will not endure,
    nor will his possessions spread over the earth; 8 15:29 Or nor will his produce bend down to the earth
30  he will not depart from darkness;
    the flame will dry up his shoots,
    and by the breath of his mouth he will depart.
31  Let him not trust in emptiness, deceiving himself,
    for emptiness will be his payment.
32  It will be paid in full before his time,
    and his branch will not be green.
33  He will shake off his unripe grape like the vine,
    and cast off his blossom like the olive tree.
34  For the company of the godless is barren,
    and fire consumes the tents of bribery.
35  They conceive trouble and give birth to evil,
    and their womb prepares deceit.”

Footnotes

[1] 13:15 Or Behold, he will slay me; I have no hope
[2] 13:27 Or you marked
[3] 13:28 Hebrew He
[4] 14:6 Probable reading; Hebrew look away from him, that he may cease
[5] 14:14 Or relief
[6] 15:4 Hebrew lacks of God
[7] 15:15 Hebrew he
[8] 15:29 Or nor will his produce bend down to the earth
Table of Contents
Introduction to Job

Introduction to Job

Timeline

Author and Date

The unknown Israelite author of this book presents Job as a person living in Uz (see note on 1:1). Job’s godliness (1:1) matches the ideals of Israelite wisdom literature. He clearly knows Yahweh (1:21). The events of the book seem to be set in the times of the patriarchs (Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob).

Theological Themes

The book of Job concerns itself with the question of faith in a sovereign God. Can God be trusted? Is he good and just in his rule of the world? The book shows that the reasons for human suffering often remain a secret to human beings.

In the book of Job, God seems both too close and too far away. On the one hand, Job complains that God is watching him every moment so that he cannot even swallow his spit (7:19). On the other hand, Job finds God elusive (9:11). Though God is greatly concerned about humans, he does not always answer their most agonizing questions.

At the same time, Job’s friends offer no real help. They come to “comfort” him (2:11), but Job ends up declaring them “miserable comforters” who would console him “with empty nothings” (21:34). These friends represent an oversimplified view of faith. They think that all human troubles are divine punishments for wrongdoing. Their “comfort” consists largely of urging Job to identify his sin and repent of it. These friends are negative examples of how to comfort those who are suffering.

The book illustrates that one does not need to fully understand God’s will in order to be faithful while suffering. Those who suffer need not be afraid to express to God their confusion and questions.

Purpose

The book of Job was written to those who struggle with the question of how God can be good when the world is filled with suffering.

The author does not provide a formal defense of God’s justice. Rather, as Job’s friends offer their inadequate answers, the author shows how their reasoning fails. Then, in chs. 38–41, the Lord speaks in his own defense, bringing Job to fuller understanding (ch. 42).

Even during his suffering and confusion, before God finally speaks, Job can triumphantly declare, “I know that my Redeemer lives” (19:25).

Outline

  1. Prologue: Job’s Character and the Circumstances of His Test (1:1–2:13)
  2. Dialogue: Job, His Suffering, and His Standing before God (3:1–42:6)
    1. Job: despair for the day of his birth (3:1–26)
    2. The friends and Job: can Job be right before God? (4:1–25:6)
      1. First cycle (4:1–14:22)
      2. Second cycle (15:1–21:34)
      3. Third cycle (22:1–25:6)
    3. Job: the power of God, place of wisdom, and path of integrity (26:1–31:40)
    4. Elihu: suffering as a discipline (32:1–37:24)
    5. Challenge: the Lord answers Job (38:1–42:6)
  3. Epilogue: The Vindication, Intercession, and Restoration of Job (42:7–17)
The Global Message of Job

The Global Message of Job

Universal Questions

With its story of one man’s life and suffering, the book of Job raises universal questions. Why do people suffer, especially godly people? Where is God in suffering? Can God be trusted amid suffering? Job’s friends try to answer such questions with superficial and simplistic solutions, eventually earning God’s rebuke (Job 42:7–9).

Ultimately we learn from Job that we can hope steadfastly in our sovereign God. Instead of providing easy answers to hard questions, this incomparably glorious, all-knowing, and almighty God presents to people in all places and in all times the simplest, most powerful, and most universal answer to these questions. God’s answer to human suffering has everything to do with his own infinite goodness and care for his creation.

Suffering in a Fallen World

In the life of Job we see the breadth and depth of human suffering. We see suffering in health (Job 2:7), suffering in the loss of property (1:14–17), and suffering in the tragic death of family members (1:18–19). In Job we also listen in on a discussion in the heavenly courtroom between God and Satan (1:6–12; 2:1–7), in which God delights in the upright life of Job. There we are given a window into the normally invisible reasons for our trials and suffering.

Sin and suffering. Suffering is universal, though the kind of suffering differs from circumstance to circumstance. Sometimes we suffer because of our own sin. There is no such thing as sin without consequences. Sometimes God himself directly chastises his people for their sins. However, Job’s friends are wrong to assume that his suffering is a direct result of disobedience (Job 8:4), and it would likewise be wrong to conclude that all or even most suffering in the world today is divine punishment for specific sins. The speeches of Eliphaz (chs. 4; 5; 15; 22), Bildad (chs. 8; 18; 25), and Zophar (chs. 11; 20) reflect such wrong assumptions.

Common suffering. Another type of suffering is what we might call “common suffering.” This is suffering that affects all people without distinction. It is simply the result of living in a fallen world. It includes health problems from colds to cancer. It includes bad weather, earthquakes, and typhoons. It includes financial struggles, and even death itself. Each tragic incident in Job’s life includes an element of this common suffering.

Godliness and suffering. Not only are godly people afflicted with suffering just as others are, but the godly experience some kinds of suffering due specifically to their godliness (Matt. 10:24–33; Acts 14:22; 2 Tim. 3:12). Faithfulness to Christ will bring insult and at times persecution—suffering that could be avoided if we were not disciples of Christ. We see this principle in Job, for it was precisely Job’s uprightness that prompted God to single him out to Satan and then led Satan to seek to afflict him (Job 1:8–12).

Devastating suffering. Job’s suffering is uniquely profound and painful. Some suffering, we learn, defies any category. We discover in Job that Satan has a hand in some of the suffering of God’s people (Job 1:6–12; 2:1–7; compare 2 Cor. 12:1–10). But even such demonically instigated suffering is not outside of God’s sovereignty. Nor should our focus be on Satan when we suffer but rather on persisting in steadfast faith amid such God-ordained pain. At the very least a lesson to be learned from Job is that our vision and insight into suffering is severely limited. What is not limited, however, is God’s perfect understanding and sovereign control over every event in our lives. In the “Yahweh speeches” of Job (chs. 38–41), God does not engage Job in the details of his questions and complaints. Rather, God reminds Job that God is God and Job is not. God laid the foundation of the earth (38:4); he is God over the seas (38:8, 16), over the stars (38:31–33), and over every creature (39:1–30; 40:15–41:34).

A Global Message of Comfort and Hope

The almighty, all-good God. Despite its focus on challenges and sufferings, the book of Job speaks a message of great hope to the world. We live in a world longing for comfort and hope, and such hope is found in the sovereign God who sees, who is good, and who is faithful. We are not victims of random fate or uncontrolled circumstances. We are loved faithfully and passionately by a sovereign God who works all things for our good (Rom. 8:28). The suffering global church can take comfort amid suffering, knowing that God is pleased with our faithfulness to him, even as God expressed delight in “my servant Job” (Job 1:6–8; 2:3). James 5:11 reminds us that God will fulfill his good purposes and is indeed compassionate and merciful toward his people.

No neat formulas. Living an upright life of faith in God does not exempt us from suffering. This was the fundamental misunderstanding of Job’s friends (Job 8:6) and the reason that their “comfort” was so “miserable” (16:2). Indeed, in Job and in all of Scripture we see that suffering is a part of the experience of godly people, and that suffering is also a means for our sanctification. Suffering is a blessing as through it we learn that God’s ways and purposes are much greater than we can know (chs. 40–41). His purposes and faithfulness are much greater than the achievement of ease and a comfortable life; the global church must not make an idol out of worldly comfort and earthly abundance.

The sufferings of the Savior. Job confessed faith in the living Redeemer (Job 19:25). That Redeemer would one day come and suffer for us on a cross. Here we have yet another kind of suffering, the atoning sufferings of Christ. He suffered for our salvation, bearing the penalty for our sin. It is also our great privilege to share in his suffering (2 Cor. 1:5; 2 Tim. 1:8; 2:3; 1 Pet. 4:13). These are not the sufferings of health problems or bad weather or the consequences of our own folly. These are sufferings that flow from our union with and loyalty to Christ. There is a global attack on the righteous, but God will continue to provide sufficient grace to his people (2 Cor. 12:9).He will grow both his people and his kingdom through such suffering as it is endured in faith.

Our Intercession and Mission of Hope

Though God’s righteous anger burned against the three friends of Job, their folly was forgiven in response to the righteous intervention of Job’s prayers (Job 42:7–9). What then is the Christian response to those who suffer—and to those who cause suffering?

We are to intercede for the world, both in prayer and in life. We are to “comfort those who are in any affliction, with the comfort with which we ourselves are comforted by God” (2 Cor. 1:4). This comfort must find expression in our ministry and service to those in need both where we live as well as around the world—to orphans, widows, and all those who suffer.

This comfort is most gloriously and eternally known as the church ministers the gospel of new hope in Christ to the world—to the lost, to the downtrodden, and even to our enemies (Matt. 5:44). For the greatest suffering in this world is not the loss of property or even family; it is to be lost in sin, without the living Redeemer.

Proverbs Fact #1: Wisdom

Fact: Wisdom

Wisdom is a key term in Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes. The word can mean “skilled at making sound decisions in life.” Proverbs 9:10 states that “the fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom.”

Job Fact #1: Comfort

Fact: Comfort

Comfort is a key word in the book of Job. When faced with personal tragedies, Job receives no comfort from his friends (16:2). But when God answers him (see chs. 38–41), he finds the comfort he needs.

Job Fact #7: Three cycles of conversations

Fact: Three cycles of conversations

The book of Job includes three cycles of conversations in which the friends of Job offer their comfort and advice, and then listen as Job responds. The first cycle covers chs. 4–14.

Job Fact #15: Elihu

Fact: Elihu

Elihu is the only character in the book of Job with a Hebrew name.

Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar

Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar

After the Lord allowed Satan to afflict Job, three of his friends, Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar, came to comfort him. However, all three wrongly assumed that Job’s suffering was the result of some hidden sin. Each man urged Job to repent so that God would have mercy on him. But Job insisted that he was innocent. Although it is true that some suffering is a result of sin, Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar oversimplified this truth. They believed that all troubles are punishments for wrongdoing, which was not the case for Job. The wrong actions of Job’s three friends should remind believers today to be wise and sensitive when dealing with people in distress. The Lord rebuked Job’s three friends and instructed Job to pray for them. (Job 42:7–9)

Study Notes

Job 13:4 you whitewash with lies. Job’s friends have tried to patch over his situation with statements they ought to know are not true about either Job or God.

Study Notes

Job 13:6–10 Using legal terminology, Job says his friends are showing favoritism to his divine opponent in making his case for him (v. 8).

Study Notes

Job 13:11 Will not his majesty terrify you? Job questions whether his friends have considered seriously the glory and power of God, as they speak so casually on his behalf.

Study Notes

Job 13:16 The salvation Job hopes for is that he will be able to make his case before God, and that God will be his redeemer (see 19:25).

Study Notes

Job 13:3–19 Before he turns to address his lament directly to God (13:20–14:22), Job argues that his friends have misdiagnosed him (worthless physicians; 13:4) and misrepresented God (vv. 7–10).

Study Notes

Job 13:20 Only grant me two things. Job abruptly shifts from warning his friends to pleading his case with God.

Study Notes

Job 13:27 you set a limit for the soles of my feet. The symbolic language refers either to confinement (“set a limit for”) or to the tracking of movement (“marked”; see ESV footnote). Both ideas express God’s vigilant pursuit of Job: the Lord restrains Job’s feet, and watches (marks) everywhere he goes.

Study Notes

Job 14:4–5 No mortal can work outside the limits that God has set.

Study Notes

Job 14:7–14 Job laments the limits of mortality by contrasting the consequences of cutting down a tree (vv. 7–9) and the death of a man (vv. 10–14). There is hope (v. 7) for a tree: even if root and stump decay (v. 8), it may still grow again (v. 9). However, when a man dies, his life on earth is finished (see vv. 10, 12, 14).

Study Notes

Job 4:1–14:22 First Cycle. Eliphaz begins this round of dialogues with a fairly gentle tone (4:3–4). Sympathy for Job rapidly fades, however, as the friends assume that Job’s moral failures are the reason for his present trouble. Job, for his part, is bewildered by his suffering. He argues (chs. 6–7), disputes (chs. 9–10), and rejects (chs. 12–14) the counsel of his friends.

Job 12:1–14:22 In the longest response of the dialogues with his three friends, Job shows his growing frustration with their claims of wisdom (even though he agrees with them about God’s supreme power; 12:1–13:2) and with the conclusions they have drawn (13:3–19). Then, once again, he addresses his lamentation directly to God (13:20–14:22).

Job 13:28–14:22 As his lament before God continues, Job moves from referring primarily to his own situation (13:20–27) to focusing on the nature of life for all people.

Job 14:15–22 Job longs for a renewal in which God would secure his path and forgive his sin (vv. 15–17). But he concludes that just as the elements wash away rock and soil, so God will wear down a man over the course of his life (vv. 18–22). God can remove the hope of man through the persistent eroding effect of suffering.

Study Notes

Job 15:2 Eliphaz says Job is full of wind rather than wisdom.

Study Notes

Job 15:4 you are doing away with the fear of God. The Hebrew lacks the words “of God” (see ESV footnote). However, the reference to God in the second half of the verse and the overall emphasis of vv. 2–6 show that this is precisely what Eliphaz is saying. He thinks Job has become careless in his complaint to God and is thus “doing away with” the very thing that will bring him relief, namely, repentance and humility before God.

Study Notes

Job 15:8 Have you listened in the council of God? The question ought to appear ironic to the reader, who has overheard the conversations between the Lord and Satan in the prologue (1:7–12; 2:2–6). Eliphaz is guilty of the very sort of presumption for which he criticizes Job. He has concluded wrongly that Job’s suffering is an obvious indicator of God’s judgment.

Study Notes

Job 15:14–16 Eliphaz revisits the central questions of his first response (see 4:17–21): if God does not trust fully even his heavenly servants, how can Job, a mere man, continue to claim innocence?

Study Notes

Job 15:27 The double occurrence of fat in this verse should call to mind other uses of the word to describe a proud disregard of God (see Ps. 73:7; 119:70; contrast Job 16:8 and note).

Study Notes

Job 15:1–35 As in the first round of dialogues, Eliphaz speaks first.

Job 15:20–35 Eliphaz describes the wicked man. He hopes that Job will see himself in the descriptions and will repent.

Job 15:31–35 Assuming that his perspective is correct, Eliphaz mercilessly chooses words that focus on the loss of Job’s children as an indication of God’s judgment. Given what the reader knows about Job, this section ought to instill humility in any person who seeks to rebuke another. Job has endured not only his children’s deaths but also the condemning “comfort” of his friends.

How do we think about the brevity of life and worshipping God with our choices?

Listen Now

Dive Deeper | Job 13-15

While in a season of suffering like he has never experienced before, Job is told by his friends that he is the one responsible for his misfortunes. I don't know about you, but when I am going through a difficult season, I can also sometimes believe that I am the one responsible, knowing that I am an imperfect human being who is fully capable of falling into patterns of sins with consequences. Job could have easily believed this about himself. He even had Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar telling him he was responsible for his circumstances, which wasn't helpful.

Job's response was based on understanding who God was (and is). He also knew that he had been faithful to God. This is why Job was able to have hope despite his circumstances and feel justified in bringing his feelings to God (Job 13:15). And it's also why he was confident in challenging the heart behind his friends' counsel (Job 13:9). In this life we will have hard situations that make us frustrated and, like Job, we can bring those frustrations to God. We will also have others around us giving us counsel, and it is important for us to know God's truth so that we can discern what counsel is based on God's Word.

One piece of context to remember in Job's story is that it occurred before Christ walked the earth. Job asks, "If a man dies, shall he live again? All the days of my service I would wait, till my renewal should come." (Job 14:14) Job put his eternal hope in experiencing the goodness of God. He knew that God, in His goodness, COULD give us new life, but we live knowing that God HAS given us new life through Christ (John 5:24). What a blessing of hope to hold onto through every season of life!

This month's memory verse

"The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord.”

– Job 1:21b

Discussion Questions

1. What are some verses that remind you of who God is through difficult times in this sinful world? Do you turn to these verses as difficult seasons arrive? Do you have believers around you who remind you of the truth when these seasons arrive?

2. Job was able to recognize bad counsel and hold to God's truth because he knew who God was. Has there been a time when you had to recognize counsel that wasn't grounded in God's Word? How has Christ's death, burial, and resurrection revealed God's character since the time of Job?

3. Read Matthew 4:1-11. How did Jesus respond to temptations from the devil in the wilderness? Just because the devil quoted Scripture, did that mean that he was making a suggestion based on truth? How was Jesus able to discern the truth in that situation?